Antonio Rodríguez Luna (Córdoba, Spain, 1910 - 1985) initially trained as a ceramicist in Seville and later studied at the Escuela de Bellas Artes (School of Fine Arts) in Seville and the Academia de San Fernando (San Fernando Academy) in Madrid. In 1923, he published his manifesto La Tierra, joined the Surrealist movement, and later transitioned to social realism. His anti-Franco activities forced him into exile after the Spanish Civil War, leading him to reside in Mexico and New York. In 1929, he held his first exhibition in Madrid and co-founded the group Los Constructivistas alongside Joaquín Torres García. During the war, he collaborated with the Republican side. After spending time in a refugee camp, he moved to Mexico, where he received a Guggenheim Foundation grant and worked as a professor at the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas (National School of Fine Arts). 

In 1982, the Antonio Rodríguez Luna Museum was inaugurated in his hometown, though he did not return to Spain until the last period of his life, three years later. His work evolved from constructivism and avant-garde styles to abstract expressionism, with notable pieces from the 1940s featuring bulls, cats, and walls.