Ramón Cano Manilla (Veracruz, 1888 – Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas, 1974) was a prominent Mexican painter, muralist, and teacher. His work, representative of the Escuela Mexicana de Arte (Mexican School of Art), is characterized by vibrant depictions of Mexico's traditions and customs, with scenes full of color, textures, and strong composition. From his childhood, he worked in rural trades such as day laborer and muleteer, which sparked his interest in rural themes. 

He moved to Mexico City in 1920 to study at the Academia de San Carlos (San Carlos Academy of Fine Arts) and at the Escuela de Pintura al Aire Libre (Outdoor Painting School) in Chimalistac, where he was a student of teachers such as Leopoldo Méndez and Fermín Revueltas. Throughout his career, his work was exhibited nationally and internationally, and he founded several outdoor painting schools, including one in his hometown of Veracruz. Mexican landscapes - especially valleys and volcanoes - were among his most recurring subjects, which became symbols of national identity in 20th-century art. 

In 1948, he moved to Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas, where he continued his artistic and educational work, and served as director of the city’s Instituto Regional de Bellas Artes (Regional Institute of Fine Arts) from 1956 to 1960. He was a contemporary of great Mexican muralists such as David Alfaro Siqueiros, José Clemente Orozco, and Rufino Tamayo, he maintained a friendship with Diego Rivera and was a teacher to Frida Kahlo.